Laser Root Canal Therapy with Advanced Techniques
Now days traditional methods of treatments are almost replaced in many countries because of the fast growth in the technology. It has many applications in different fields industries to medicine. Therefore, the dentistry also came up with new techniques in all aspects. This has given a new path to the dental field. Laser root canal therapy is one among them.
Laser Root Canal Therapy:
People with fear of taking the traditional root canal treatment, which are painful. For this kind of people, this laser root canal therapy brings smile in their faces because the traditional method is too painful. Mainly the treatment is carried out to remove damaged part of the pulp, which causes severe pain.
This is a very simple procedure. Laser root canal therapy uses a parallel beam of light, which cleans the root canals. It melts debris that consists of bacteria and infection, which is called as the “Smear layer” of the teeth root. This take very less time to operate when compared to the conventional methods.
Waterlase laser therapy:
Waterlase dental laser is the latest laser root canal therapy. This therapy uses high-pressure water and the laser to remove the tissues that are damaged and which are infectious. Without any drilling and hand files the waterlase system here produces pressure and heat so that the damaged part is removed. With this treatment the laser goes deep in to the root of the teeth and removes all the bacteria and debris, which is not clearly done with the traditional approach. The equipment used here like waterlase and sedation dentistry is the latest techniques and treatments.
Benefits of laser root canal therapy:
- Reduces the side effects of the treatment.
- With this technique the blood coming out of the teeth is reduced.
- This treatment is given with minimum amount of anesthesia or no anesthesia.
- Post-operative methods are eliminated in this laser treatment.
- Comfortable during the treatment.
- Less pain during the therapy.
- Done in very less time compared to traditional method.
- The healing is faster with laser root canal therapy.
- Waterlase avoids the damage that can happen to the healthy portion of the teeth.
- This is a more natural way of treatment.
Thus with laser therapy for your root canal keeps your teeth damage free and painless. If you want a comfortable treatment you can go with this laser root canal therapy or treatment.
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Types and Working of an Engine Lubrication system
Posted by mnduser4 in Technology on May 30, 2014
Engine lubrication systems can be classified according to the nature of their sumps. A sump is an oil pan that is placed at the base of an engine that contains the lubricating oil. Since there are two types of sumps, dry sumps and wet sumps, engine lubrication systems are also classified into wet sump lubricating system and dry sump lubricating system.
Advantages:
- The design if a wet sump is simple. There is no need of a separate container and lines to store and carry the lubricating oil around. This relieves a lot of space and weight in the automobile.
- The cost is cheaper than the dry sump system, because it has comparatively less number of parts.
- Easy to setup and practical to use.
Wet sump systems can be classified into three types
1) The splash system
The splash system is out of use in automobiles today and is used only in miniature engines like lawn movers and in outboard marine operations. In the splash lubrication system, lubrication oil is stored in the sump below the crank case and is splashed upwards for lubrication. When the oil is splashed up, it mixes with air and becomes a fine mist and it lubricates several parts of the engine like the piston, cylinder walls, piston heads etc. To make the splash happen, a dipper is connected to the connecting rod bearing caps. When the crankshaft rotates, the dipper dips in the sump and splashes the oil upwards.
2) The splash and pressure system
- In the splash and pressure system some parts of the engine are lubricated by the splash and pressure system, while some parts are lubricated by a pump through pressure.
The oil from the pump first enters the galleries of the engine. From there, it flows to the crankshaft and camshaft bearings. The main bearings have oil-feed grooves. These send the oil into drilled passages in the crankshaft. The oil thus flows through these passages to the piston pin bearings. This is the process by which a part of the engine is lubricated by pressure from a pump.
The cylinder walls are lubricated by oil that is splashed up from below. Some of the engines also use troughs under the connecting rods that are supplied by small nozzles while deliver oil under pressure from the pump. The oil stream delivered by the nozzles increase in force when the speed of the automobile increases. This causes a much heavier splash and the necessary parts are lubricated well.
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Did You Know How a Torsen Differential Works?
When a vehicle turns round a corner, barring the driven wheels, the others (powered) will face drag on the surface, during a turn. In order to eliminate this, a group of gears called differential is used. The differential transfers torque from the engine to the wheels and allows them to spin at different speeds. The basic form of such a mechanism is called the open differential. But the open differential has a crucial limitation.
Note that in the absence of differentials, the axles will be worn out soon. When a vehicle is taking a turn, all four tires spin at different speeds because the distance they travel during a turn is different. There is unequal supply of torque to both the wheels, tire slippage happens.
The limited slip differential includes a clutch, which overpowers one wheel receiving extra power, but gets overpowered in turns. Then, there is the differential lock, which either engages or disengages the right and left wheels and one either has to manually do that or it is automatic.
But all these are corrective mechanisms laid over the basic principle of the open differential. But in 1958, a design of a differential, that could enable differential wheel spin, but still avoid lowered torque and slip was invented. It was called ‘torsen’ and it comes from the phrase ‘torque sensing’. Unlike the other differentials which bring about traction control and different wheel spin by having extra mechanisms in place, a torsen differential does this by means of its own design.
The principle of worm gears
The basic principle behind worm gears and worm wheels is that worm gears can turn worm wheels but not vice-versa. This principle is what is effectively exploited in the design of a torsen differential.
How it works
The ring gear transfers torque to both the wheels using a set of worm gears and worm wheels. There are two to three pairs of worm wheels and they lock on to the worm gear which also is paired. The right worm gear connects to the right axle while the left worm gear connects to the left axle.
Since the worm wheels by principle cannot turn the worm gear, they lock on to the worm gear and when the ring gear rotates, turn along with the worm gears. And when the vehicle is taking a turn, one of the wheels slow down down and the other rotates with a higher speed. This difference in speeds is fed back to the worm gears, and since they have the ability to turn the worm wheels, they turn the right and left wheels of each pair at differing speeds.
Rotational balance is thus accomplished, and when the turn is complete, the worm gears would stop turning the worm wheels and so the wheels lock back once again.
In conditions like snow and wet weather, since the worm wheels don’t turn the worm gears, the torque received from the ring gear is transferred to the wheels with no difference. Even if one of the wheels is in a slippery surface, there is no way it would attract more power, defy torque and cause slippage.
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The Need for Transmission System in Cars
Posted by mnduser4 in Society, Technology on April 16, 2014
In a car, the engine produces the necessary power that is needed for it to move. But it is important to know how this generated power is transferred to the wheels and get them to rotate. There is system in most of the automobiles which is meant for this purpose. A transmission system in a car generally does two tasks.
a) Transfer power from the engine to the wheels
b) manage the gear ratio between the engine and the drive wheels.
The first task is achieved mechanically with the help of gear wheels. But the job of the transmission system does not stop there. The same system should also be used to perform a lot of other functions for optimal performance of the vehicle. This article focuses on the need for the transmission system in a vehicle.
The need for a transmission system in a vehicle arises due to the characteristics of an internal combustion engine. There are two terms that need to be understood here regarding an internal combustion engine. a)Torque b)Power. Torque is the amount of force that is acting upon the rotating shaft which in turn make the wheels rotate. Power is the calculation of the amount of work done , in a specified amount of time. Which in this case, are the rotations of the rotating shaft, other wise called rpm(rotations per minute).
Now, when a vehicle moves, it does not move in an uniform speed. It starts from zero velocity, attains momentum, increases further in speed, then comes down if the vehicle slows down etc., and all of this according to the requirements faced by the movement. So, it becomes important that the rotations achieved by the axle of the vehicle in a minute matches the power generated by the engine (which is also rpm). Imagine a condition where the engine is connected directly to the axle without no transmission mechanism. There are two possibilities.
a) Since the axle is slender, a lot of torque would be required to rotate it, and the engine should be able to deliver it from the beginning. If it does not, there will be too much pressure on the engine to deliver and can sometimes even result in failure.
b) And if the engine is able to deliver, it becomes mandatory that the system that connects the engine to the axle is strong enough to withstand the mechanical pressure. Even if the two conditions are satisfied, if the speed of rotation changes, the calculations change and become unmanageable. Thus it becomes necessary that it is managed by a proper system.
The transmission system maintains an optimality in transferring the power. That is, it relays the power to the axle more optimally, so that the force exerted on the axle is not more or less than required. Simply put, for a certain amount of power generated by the engine, the transmission mechanism ensures there is maximum usage. For example, when the vehicle starts to move, more torque is needed than power, because movement is of priority. As the vehicle attains greater speeds, this condition gradually changes and more power would be of priority than torque. Any engine has a red line – it’s the maximum rpm value in which the engine can perform. The transmission system ensures that the engine stays below the red line and near the rpm band of its best performance.
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Latest Safety Features in Cars
Posted by mnduser4 in Business, Technology on February 7, 2014
You may always hear that automobile industry is advancing their safety devices and features, but what exactly they are and how will these features help in protecting you and other passengers? In this article, we will discuss about the latest safety features that are found in new cars.
Latest safety features
1) GPS navigation system
GPS navigation system uses Global Positioning Satellite and sensors in the car that pinpoints exact location you are planning to go which gives you turn by turn directions via video screen or voice or both for helping you in finding your way. No matter how confused and how lost you get, this system help you in finding your destination.
2) Rear view camera
A small camera that is mounted on the back of the vehicle transmits the image of people or any object behind you to the dashboard or rearview. It was limited to luxury models and now becoming popular in mid range cars also. There is a possibility that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration will make this technology standard to all vehicles in coming years.
3) Lane departure warning system
These systems help in preventing head on collisions and other catastrophes. Cameras or sensors are placed around the vehicle for determining its position in the lane. When you are leaving your lane, flashes of light with beep alerts occur. Some car models have a vibrating steering wheel for alerting you.
4) Reverse backup sensors
Operating with a camera or without a camera, this feature help in alerting you when you are about to collide with some objects. When reversing, Closer as you get to the object, there is more frequency of the beep. This technology is inexpensive when compared to rearview camera.
5) Automatic Brakes
This system prevents or lessens the impact of collision from whatever is front of you. Actually there is a radar fixed in front of the car that indicates you about the objects in front of you. This technology will also become standard in all cars in coming years.
6) Forward collision avoidance system
This system is also called as pre-crash warning system and is combined with automatic brakes. The driver gets warning from this system with video or audio clues, if they are about to run in to something.
7) Parking assist
Recent model cars are offering features that detect the size of parking area for your car, before you start positioning it for parking, thus allowing you to take off your hand from the steering wheel completely while the computer backs the vehicle in place.
These features are designed to ensure safety of the driver as well as passengers, especially in case of accidents.
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Vehicle Telematics
Posted by mnduser4 in Technology on November 28, 2013
The electronic technology and the computer involved in the vehicle are called as telematics. The telematics in a vehicle represents the automatic driving assistance, wireless safety communications, integrated hands free mobile phones, GPS navigation, emergency warning systems etc.
- Satellite navigation: The satellite navigation is one of the technologies in the vehicle telematics. This technology uses the electronic mapping system and GPS. With the help of this the driver can locate a position, route planning and can navigate the journey.
- Mobile data: Mobile phones and hands free sets are playing a key role in the care electronics. For instance, the new Land Rover LRX has an iPhone dock which let you to control many of your vehicle’s functions from phone. Some companies producing crosses between a GPS and a laptop for more wireless connectivity.
- Vehicle tracking: Vehicle tracking system is a way of monitoring the behavior, status, movements and location or fleet of a vehicle. This type of technology is mostly used by the delivery and transportation businesses. They send the products and large fleets of vehicles. To track the workers and plan out the complicated and important routes, the companies relating to maintenance and repair, taxi, delivery trucks can use sophisticated electronics. This system works with a combination of GPS receiver and the electronic device installed in each vehicle, communicating with PC and user or web based software.
- Emergency warning system: The vehicle telematics emergency warning systems are particularly developed for international standardization and harmonization of vehicle to infrastructure, infrastructure to vehicle and vehicle-to-vehicle real time DSRC (dedicated short-range communication) systems. Telematics are most commonly associated to computerized systems. Within the same time, they received the information, they update it, and it occurs when in a remote machine or group of machines control or directs a process, such as instantaneous autonomous warning notification.
- Cold store: to deliver the frozen and fresh foods cold store many people and companies use freight trailers. The temperature time series data inside the cargo container is gathering by the telematics to trigger alarms and record an audit trail for commercial purposes. To ensure the temperature throughout remains within food safety parameters throughout the cargo, many RFID incorporated sophisticated array of sensors are being used.
Because of commercialization of telematics and the vast usability by the public, this business is on a growth track. There are many applications, which are used in the mobile, and smartphones can directly install and use in with the car telematics systems. It will help for more convenient and safer driving. So most of the car companies are making them inbuilt features in the vehicles. If you need any additional or advanced equipment, you can easily get and install that after-market equipment from many auto stores.
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Top Selling Hybrid Cars in The United States
Hybrid cars can work on two or more fuel sources. The main advantages with hybrid cars are environmental friendly and fuel-efficient. Over the last few years, hybrid vehicles flooding the market. Since 2007 the number of available hybrid vehicle brands have become more than doubled in the United States. In 2012 US alone 434,498 hybrid electric vehicles were sold out. As per Annual Energy Outlook 2013, there are 1,890,265 hybrid vehicles in the US in 2010. According to the June 2012 report, there were 2,180,000 hybrid cars in the United States. Toyota is consistently offering the most fuel efficient hybrid vehicles, and as of 2009 it captured almost three quarter of United States Hybrid market. Even though there is more competition in the market, Toyota has good sales in 2013. There are two best-selling hybrid cars and having five cars in top ten from Toyota. We wil discuss them briefly.
Toyota: The Toyota’s hybrid cars are ruling the US hybrid market. Now we will see the Most selling 2013 models from Toyota.
- Prius Liftback: This is the North American sales leader. The mileage is 50 mpg and it is available at $24,200. There are more than 1.2 million vehicles sold since 2000. There are four (Two, Three, Four and Five) Prius models available in 2013 addition.
- Camry Hybrid: Toyota Camry hybrid is available around $26,140 and the mileage is 41 MPG. It is having spacious and comfortable backseat, excellent braking distances, quick acceleration and good fuel economy. But the steering is numb.
- Prius C: The Toyota carried Prius C with no major changes in 2013. The price is around $19000 and the mileage is 50MPG.
- Prius V: It has larger space than the standard Prius hatchback. It relies on regular Prius power-train. The mileage is 42 MPG and available around $26,000. It has roomy cabin, quiet and comfy ride, generous cargo capacity and excellent fuel economy. It is having disappointed interior materials, overly busy gauge cluster and difficult to the taller drivers.
- Avalon Hybrid: It is available around $35000. The mileage for Avalon is 40 MPG. New features and fresh look made the Avalon as good choice for full size hybrid sedan. It has large trunk, roomy seating front and rear, upscale and quiet interior and exceptional fuel economy.
Ford: The ford is also giving good competition with its new models. The most selling hybrid models from ford are:
- Fusion Hybrid: The Ford Fusion Hybrid is in continue in a top position in hybrid market. It is giving the mileage of 47 MPG and available around $27,000. The advantages of Fusion hybrid are eye-catching because of their style, advanced technology and safety features and high fuel economy. The discouraging issues are finicky MyFord Touch interface and austere interior design.
- C – MAX Hybrid: The Ford C – MAX Hybrid is available at $25,200. It can give the mileage of 47 MPG. It is attractive with elevated driving position, abundant features, quick acceleration, responsive handling, refined ride, stylish and well made interior and excellent gas mileage. Has less cargo space than rivals, Long braking distances and finicky infotainment controls are the drawbacks.
The other cars from Hyundai Sonata Hybrid and Kia’s Optima Hybrid are in the top ten of the hybrid cars market with it’s 2013 models. Read the rest of this entry »
The Rain Sensor and Automatic Wipers Technology
Posted by mnduser4 in Technology on October 1, 2013
This rain sensor wiper system senses any moisture on the wind-shield, for example, it automatically activates and starts wiping, because the system experiences the interruption to its infrared beam when it senses moisture strikes on the windshield. Then, the infrared beam is reflected outside the surface of the windshield and to the infrared sensor array.
The digital signal and the advanced analog processing will determine the intensity of the snow or rain. The sensor communicates with the wiper control model to switch on the wipers motor and automatically it controls the wipers. To activate this feature you need to end of the multi-function lever that can be rotated to one of the six settings.
According to the heavy rain, these sensors automatically adjust the wiper to the wind-shield. This uses the light emitting diodes (LED) sensor, which is fitted behind the internal mirror which is to detect the amount of snow or rail falling on the windscreen. Of course, you can adjust the wiper but that will clean according to your choice. This consists of a central photo diode and numerous infrared light emitting diodes. So the light which is emitted by the light emitting diode get reflected by the windscreen to the photo sensor. This is like when it senses more drops of water then the sensor receives less light. This information will get passed to an electronic control unit that adapts windscreen wipe intervals.
This is useful especially when you are unable to see while overtaking any other heavy vehicles like lorries on the wet road. Read the rest of this entry »
Why Small Businesses Need to Outsource Their PPC Campaign
Posted by mnduser4 in Small Business on September 28, 2013
Outsourcing PPC campaign to a professional provider is a good decision taken by small businesses. As it gives high end service to the investment you have made. There are many benefit of outsourcing PPC campaign and most importantly you can focus on your core business activities. Following are the benefits of outsourcing your PPC campaigns.
Cost-effective: If you are planning to do this campaign by yourself then you need to build an in-house team that includes hiring, training, salaries, incentives and also you need allocate a separate space with appropriate tools and equipments. This may require huge investment. So, its better to get the work done by outsourcing it rather than hiring an in-house team. One more advantage of outsourcing your PPC campaign is you will be assured of quality services at an affordable price.
Professional PPC Specialist: If you outsource to a professional PPC provider, they will help you make your PPC campaign a success. Because, they are experts and have up-to-date knowledge on the changes happening in their industry. So, you need to hire a professional PPC provider who is well-versed in all the aspects of PPC advertising. This will not only help you concentrate on your core business activities, but you will also have peace of mind.
Resources: Professional providers have a team of experts who have good knowledge and experience about the industry. They are familiar about the industry and anticipate about the changes that are happening in the industry and how to come-up with a solution.
Industry knowledge: Professionals can do better job in a short period of time for your small business. They are specialized in landing page design, in choosing appropriate keywords, how to do copy-writing and also follow optimization strategies like landing page optimization. They can do this, only if they have industry knowledge.
Use effective tools: PPC professionals use effective tools to run a successful campaign such as continuous PPC optimization, bid management, automated account creation and others.
In-depth keyword research: PPC service providers will do thorough research on your company and its products and services before they start PPC campaign. And also identifies who are your target customers and what type of keywords they will use in searching for your products. This helps you to bid for right keywords with the publisher.
Competitive research: A good PPC service provider will understand your company requirements and also your competitors. They will research and identify the keywords your competitors are bidding with the publishers and how they are generating revenue out of it.
Result oriented: Professional PPC providers have a lot of experience in PPC campaigns. They will strive for long term success in your campaign to get a successful and effective results. These results are very important for your small business growth and success.
Pros and Cons of Online Advertising and Traditional Advertising
To promote their products or a services, businesses used to take help of traditional advertising such as TV, print, radio, etc., (though some businesses are still preferring traditional advertising). But in the current business scenario businesses are switching to online advertising (banner ads, display ads, pop-up ads, sponsored search ads, etc) to attract target customers.
Digital or online advertising is getting more popular and its market is growing fast. Digital promotion involves using the Internet to reach the targeted customers and deliver the marketing message in order to drive sales and profits. While traditional methods of advertising suit certain aspects of business, they have certain cons. So does digital marketing. This article discusses the pros and cons of online advertising and traditional advertising.
Cost factor
Print, broadcast, outdoor advertising, etc., are the traditional means of advertising. Traditional means of advertising is expensive when compared to online advertising, because in traditional advertising, the advertiser has to pay the publisher a huge amount no matter whether advertisement has worked or not to drive sales.
In Internet marketing, where the advertiser can pay the publisher depending on the number of users viewed the ad or for the number of sales or leads (in case of PPC). The advertiser need not pay the publisher if the advertisement did not not fetch any customers to the business. Hence, online advertising is cost-effective.
Availability of the Internet
Though Internet is available all over the world, there are certain remote rural areas where Internet is not available, and some people are still not aware of Internet. In such areas, Internet marketing is not helpful for the advertisers, while traditional marketing will get them some customers.
Traditional advertising works well at any place provided there is scope of audience getting exposed to the advertisement. Therefore, online advertising is not helpful at all locations.
Rectification of errors
Once an advertisement is published on the Internet, it is quickly visible to the users. If there is any error in the advertisement, it is likely to misinterpret company’s product/service. This may bring a negative impression on the business. In traditional means advertising, advertisers get a chance to double check the ad before it goes to the audience. Thus, chances of committing mistakes in traditional marketing is less.
Physical presence
This is the major difference between traditional and online advertising. The physical presence of the product or salesman is not possible in online advertising. Customers pick the product online and pay through the website.
In traditional advertising, customers physically come to the business, choose the product, try it and then pay for it. Here the chances are more of a business to show its standards of customer service. This is a big advantage in traditional marketing. Good customer service helps organization drive sales for the company.
Traditional advertising helps businesses
For a product based company, traditional advertising is preferable because, company will have the opportunity to demonstrate the product and show the advantages of using it. This will attract potential customers to buy the product. For some service based companies, Internet marketing is the best choice. This is because, the business will have the chance to explain the services they provide in the form of a video. Such explanation helps the online customer understand the product better.
Longevity
The longevity of online advertisements is very low. It may last for a few minutes. It is because millions of advertisements are posted everyday on the Internet. But, this is not the case with traditional advertising. It lasts longer and customers remember it for a long time.
Thus, both online and traditional advertisements have their own set of pros and cons. Businesses need to therefore plan their advertising campaign depending on the type of business, product/service, location, viability of business and other factors that are likely to affect their performance. Read the rest of this entry »